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What is an El Niño?

El Niño is a warm phase in the sea surface temperatures across the Pacific Ocean. There isn't one specific climate event that contributes to the El Niño phenomenon because of constantly changing conditions. Between 1997 and 1998, one of the strongest El Niño events occurred which had a prominently negative impact on the coral reefs around the world. With the current rising trend in sea surface temperatures, the El Niño event that is taking place in the year 2015 is predicted to be the strongest since the 1997 El Niño.

 

Sea surface temperatures between November 1997 and July 2015 (NOAA)

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